The Dragon Tree () is a truly unique and sculptural plant, native to the Canary Islands, Cape Verde, and parts of Morocco. It’s a slow-growing evergreen that, with age, forms a thick trunk and a distinctive, multi-stemmed, umbrella-like canopy. The tree gets its name from its red, sap-like resin, historically known as “dragon’s blood,” which was used in ancient times for medicine, dyes, and varnish. While it can reach impressive sizes in the ground, it’s also a popular and stunning feature plant for pots.
Usage This architectural plant is perfect for creating a statement in both gardens and large containers. Its unique shape adds drama and a tropical or arid feel to any landscape. It’s an excellent choice for courtyards, rockeries, and coastal gardens due to its drought tolerance and resilience to salt spray. Indoors, a young Dragon Tree makes a fantastic, low-maintenance houseplant for a bright room.
Care Tips
- Sunlight: Thrives in full sun to partial shade. The foliage can get scorched by intense, direct afternoon sun, so a spot with some protection is ideal, particularly in hot climates. Indoors, provide bright, indirect light.
- Soil: Requires a very well-drained, sandy or gravelly potting mix to prevent root rot. A cactus or succulent mix is a great option. It’s crucial to avoid waterlogged conditions.
- Watering: This plant is drought-tolerant once established. Water deeply but infrequently, allowing the soil to dry out completely between waterings. Overwatering is the most common cause of failure. Reduce watering significantly in the cooler months.
- Fertilising: Minimal fertilising is required. A light application of a slow-release fertiliser in spring is sufficient for outdoor plants. For potted specimens, use a liquid fertiliser diluted to half strength during the active growing season.
- Pruning: The Dragon Tree doesn’t require regular pruning for shape. You can remove old, dead leaves from the base of the rosettes as they naturally shed. If the plant becomes too tall, you can cut the top of the trunk to encourage branching and a denser form.
- Pests & Diseases: Generally a tough plant, but keep an eye out for pests like mealy bugs and scale. Yellowing leaves are often a sign of overwatering.
