Walnut Juglans Nigra

• Native to eastern North America, this magnificent deciduous tree can live for over 200 years and reach impressive mature sizes. It's prized for both its edible nuts and valuable timber.
• Produces compound leaves that turn golden-yellow in autumn, creating stunning seasonal colour displays. The distinctive deeply furrowed bark adds year-round visual interest.
• Known for its allelopathic properties - releases natural compounds that inhibit growth of some other plants nearby. This unique characteristic helps reduce competition and pest pressure.
• Takes 7-10 years to begin nut production but becomes increasingly productive with age. A single mature tree can produce hundreds of kilograms of nuts annually.

• Water deeply once weekly during growing season, allowing soil to dry between waterings - reduce to monthly in winter. Check soil moisture at 10cm depth before watering.
• Plant in full sun position with at least 6 hours direct sunlight daily for best nut production. Morning sun exposure is particularly beneficial.
• Requires well-draining, deep soil with neutral to slightly alkaline pH - add compost and ensure good drainage before planting. Heavy clay soils need improvement.
• Feed with balanced fertiliser in early spring, then monthly during growing season with potassium-rich fertiliser to support nut development. Avoid high-nitrogen feeds in autumn.
• Prune during winter dormancy to remove dead wood and shape canopy - minimal pruning needed once established. Remove lower branches for clearance if desired.
• Needs space for large mature size - plant at least 10 metres from buildings and other trees. Consider future shade impact on surrounding plants.

• Plant in full sun locations with at least 6-8 hours of direct sunlight daily for optimal nut production. Morning sun is particularly important for healthy growth.
• Water deeply but infrequently, allowing soil to dry between waterings - typically weekly in summer, less in winter. Established trees are quite drought tolerant.
• Provide consistent moisture during spring growth and nut development periods. Reduce watering significantly during winter dormancy.
• Tolerates a wide range of temperatures but performs best in temperate climates with distinct seasons. Protect young trees from harsh winds and frost.

• Aphids can cluster on young leaves - spray with horticultural oil or encourage beneficial insects like ladybirds. Regular monitoring in spring helps catch infestations early.
• Walnut blight causes dark spots on leaves and nuts - ensure good air circulation and avoid overhead watering. Remove affected plant material promptly.
• Root rot develops in poorly draining soils - plant in well-draining locations and avoid overwatering. Mulch around the base but keep clear of the trunk.
• Scale insects attach to branches - treat with white oil spray during winter dormancy. Heavy infestations may require systemic treatments.