Olive Manzanillo

• Native to the Mediterranean region, olives have been cultivated for over 6,000 years and thrive in Australia's similar climate conditions.
• Manzanillo variety produces large, oval-shaped olives that turn from green to black when fully ripe, perfect for both eating fresh and processing.
• These evergreen trees can live for hundreds of years, developing characteristically gnarled trunks and silvery foliage that rustles beautifully in the breeze.
• Self-pollinating variety means you don't need multiple trees for fruit production, though cross-pollination can increase yields significantly.
• Extremely drought tolerant once established, making them ideal for water-wise Australian gardens and sustainable landscaping projects.

• Water weekly during first year, then reduce to fortnightly deep watering in summer and monthly in winter once established.
• Position in full sun with protection from strong winds - morning sun is essential for healthy growth and fruit development.
• Plant in well-draining soil with pH 6.0-8.0, adding compost and sand to heavy clay soils for improved drainage.
• Apply balanced fertiliser in early spring and mid-summer, avoiding high nitrogen feeds which promote leaf growth over fruiting.
• Prune in late winter to remove dead, diseased, or crossing branches and maintain open centre for good air circulation.
• Harvest olives when green for firm texture or black for softer, riper flavour depending on your preference.
• Mulch around base but keep away from trunk to retain soil moisture and suppress weeds.

• Plant in full sun position with at least 6-8 hours direct sunlight daily for optimal fruit production and tree health.
• Water deeply but infrequently, allowing soil to dry between sessions - typically weekly in summer, less in winter. Established trees are very drought tolerant.
• Provide well-draining soil and avoid waterlogged conditions which can cause root problems. Sandy loam or clay loam soils work well.
• Prune annually in late winter to maintain shape, remove dead wood, and improve air circulation through the canopy.
• Feed with complete fertiliser in early spring and again in summer to support healthy growth and fruit development.

• Olive fruit fly can damage developing fruit - use protective netting and remove fallen fruit promptly. Monitor regularly during fruiting season.
• Scale insects may appear on leaves and branches - treat with horticultural oil or insecticidal soap. Encourage beneficial insects like ladybirds for natural control.
• Overwatering causes root rot and yellowing leaves - ensure excellent drainage and reduce watering frequency. Allow soil to dry between waterings.
• Peacock spot fungal disease creates circular spots on leaves - improve air circulation and avoid overhead watering. Apply copper-based fungicide if severe.